Culture Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
About Toraja
Toraja, very famous for its culture, and has been a World Heritage of UNESCO. Toraja is located in South Sulawesi, about 8-10 hours from the city of Makassar (Ujung Pandang). Toraja is divided into two districts. The first is the capital city of Tana Toraja Makale and Toraja called Northern capital city in Rantepao.
Toraja classified as very unique culture, ranging from wedding ceremony to Death Ceremony which can cost hundreds of millions of rupiah, also there is a buffalo that cost 1 billion. Let us get to know about Toraja.1. Traditional House Toraja
Tongkonan is the traditional home of the Toraja people, consisting of a pile of wood decorated with carvings of red, black, and yellow. The word "tongkon" comes from Toraja which means tongkon "sit". In addition to the house, Tongkonan is the center of social life of the Toraja. Rituals associated with this custom home is very important in the spiritual life of the Toraja. Therefore, all family members are required to participate because it symbolizes their relationship with their fathers. According to folklore Toraja, Tongkonan first constructed in heaven with four poles. When the ancestors of the Toraja down to earth, he imitated the house and held a large ceremony.
1) Engraving
Tana Toraja is one area that is famous for the carving. This carving into distinctive art tribe Toraja in South Sulawesi. Engraving made using special carving tools on a wooden plank, pole custom house, window, or door. Not original engravings, each motif of Tana Toraja has a name and special significance. Regularity and order is a common trait in Toraja wood carving. Moreover, Tana Toraja carving abstract and geometric properties. Plants and animals are often used as the base of the ornament Toraja.
Made from cotton yarn and made traditionally. Ikat patterned decorative techniques such as buffalo head and a rhombus. Brown, black, blue, and beige. This cloth is used to cover the bodies of the people of Tana Toraja.
3) Dance Pa 'Gellu
This dance is usually performed by the teens. They danced to the rhythm of the drum beat played four teenage sons. The dancers called this ma'toding wear clothing and accessories made from gold and silver, like gold dagger (sarapang Bulawan), kandaure, sa'pi 'Ulu', rope tarrung, and others.
Pa'Gellu actual dance symbolizes the welcoming ceremony of the patriots or heroes who returned from the war with victory. But now, this dance has often performed at the ceremony more excitement, such as weddings, parties thanksgiving at harvest time, or while welcoming the guest of honor.When this dance is danced, the audience can get to the dancers to tuck money among ornaments they had put on the heads of the dancers.
4) Ma'Badong
Ma'badong dance was held at the funeral ceremony is conducted in groups. The dancers (pa'badong) form a circle and hold hands and generally they dressed in black. Ma'badong is not just a dance, but rather an activity Badong intone the typical motion. Chanted poems called kadong-Badong (the chant for the deceased) The contents of the poem is none other than the glorification of the dead. It recounted the origins of the sky, childhood, charity and kindness, as well as all the things concerning himself that are considered commendable. In addition, it also contains the hope that the dead man with all his benefits will bless those who are still alive.
Dancers relate to each other in a circle and pinkie fingers. Dancers consists of men and women middle-aged or older. Pa'badong recite (Kadong Badong) life history, from birth to death of the deceased. Ma'badong dance is sometimes swallow take hours, even lasts up to three days and three nights dial-connect at the court where mourning ceremonies.
1) Wedding Ceremony (Rambu Tuka ')
Signs ceremony tuka 'is a ritual associated with a celebration event in this ceremony there is no sadness, only excitement. For example weddings, thanksgiving harvest and the inauguration of a custom / tongkonan new or refurbished; brings together all the family grove, from this event makes in Tana Toraja family ties are very strong all the ceremony known as Ma'Bua ', Meroek, or Mangrara Banua Sura'. The ceremony is interesting for a variety of dance attractions, and the song of the Toraja culture unique. Ceremony Signs Tuka 'carried out before noon on the east tongkonan. This is different from solo Signs' is in the title or the middle of the afternoon and held in west tongkonan. As the excitement of the ceremony, Signs Tuka 'held to accompany the heightened sun While Signs Solo' to accompany the sunset
2) Funeral ( Rambu Solo ')
Rambu Solo' is traditional ceremony death Toraja society that aims to honor and deliver the souls of the deceased to the realm of the spirit, that is, back to eternity with their ancestors in a resting place. The ceremony is often called the consummation ceremony of death because the person who died had considered truly dead after the whole procession ceremony is fulfilled. If not, then the deceased person is only considered as the sick or weak, so it remains to be treated like everyone alive, ie put to bed and given food dishes and beverages even always talk to.
4. Culinary
1) Pa'Piong
Pa'piong is typical dishes Toraja comprising miana leaves (Coleus blumei) is mixed with pork, chicken or goldfish. Meat in it scattered and mixed with grated coconut yellowing due to seasoning. Spices are used, among others, chopped onion and garlic, salt, pieces of ginger, and lemongrass to eliminate the fishy smell. Once wrapped leaves miana, pa'piong put in a bamboo rod and burned. Pa'piong formerly served on important occasions or ceremonies customary. But now, pa 'piong been presented in layman by the Toraja people.Miana purple leaves and tastes somewhat bitter. Piong itself in Toraja similar means lemang.2) Deppa Tori '
Deppa Tori' a traditional Toraja cake made of rice flour and brown sugar. Has a sweet taste characterizes this cake. This cake also has a savory taste, crisp and textured rather loud. * Most deliciously enjoyed after completion fried, wijennya be more pronounced flavor. Suitable enjoyed with a cup of coffee Toraja, especially when it rains.
3) Tallo Pammasaran
Pamerasan, distinctive flavor that is often used by the Toraja people for their cuisine. Pamerasan itself is the name of a tree, whose fruit was collected, and its nut and dried.Once completely dry, the seeds will turn into a black color, then crushed and then used for cooking.Not only buffalo meat that can be cooked with pamerasan this, there is also chicken, pork, and fish.
4) Coffee Toraja
Coffee fans surely know Toraja coffee. Famous coffee produced in Tana Toraja in Sulawesi. Manifold Arabica coffee is grown in the highlands of Sulawesi's altitude, according to coffee lovers described as having a sense of weighty with the smell of soil and forests. Difficult also defines 'earthy' is, if you say it feels like the ground, of course not. Then who else I've ever tasted woods? According to my understanding, perhaps because this Toraja coffee taste experience, reminiscent of the warm nature full of foliage and trees, with a strong flavor reminiscent of brown soil wet from the rain in the afternoon.
5) Pepper Toraja
Katokkon pepper (Capsicum annuum L.var.sinensis) is a type of chili or Lombok typical belle Tana Toraja. Shaped like chili peppers (Capsicum annuum var. Grossum) but in miniature, short rotund, with a normal size Area 3 ~ 4 cm cross-sectional size of 2 to 3.5 cm long, purplish green colored when young, and red colored refreshing moment ripe fruit to be processed into culinary specialties sense amplifier Tana Toraja. Pepper Katokkon can only grow well in the highlands, Area 1000 to 1500Mdpl, such as Tana Toraja highlands.
The aroma is fragrant scent and the level of spiciness to the exorbitant level of god make this Katokkon Lada became a favorite pepper in Tana Toraja, especially for fans of spicy flavor nan pedis, and it is precisely what makes the price is quite high in the market. For the Toraja, it was not satisfied when eating unaccompanied dish with pepper Katokkon Chili Super Hot Typical Toraja, as well as for friends sahibit bloggers worldwide who visited or are planning a visit to Tana Toraja, it feels incomplete if not try the sensation of spicy Lada Katokkon favors.
4. Buffalo
1) Tedong Selako (Buffalo Selako)
Buffalo this one is a type of buffalo the most expensive of all types of buffalo in Toraja, price seekornya could reach 1 billion rupiah, a special feature of this bull is his skin color that is a mix between a white base color with black markings, with the horns of ivory and white eyeball.
2) Tedong Bonga (Buffalo Bonga)
Tedong Bonga, ranked second after Tedong Saleko, and commercial value almost equal to Tedong Saleko the range of hundreds of millions of rupiah.
Physical characteristics Tedong Bonga is also not far berbada with Tedong Saleko, a fundamental difference between Saleko and Bonga is located just on the basis of the color of buffalo, which Tedong Bonga black base color with white streaks
3) Tedong Ballian (Buffalo Ballian)
If in the view at a glance the type of buffalo that this one is the champion, it is in because the main feature of this bull is on the horns of the span length can reach two meters, with the body stocky, and shades of color black-gray, most of the Ox neutered. This type buffalo are scarce so that the range of the price is also expensive, usually above 100 million rupiah.
5. Pemakaman
1) Londa
.Londa is a grave nature of the past were reserved for the nobility with two large caves which can be entered by the visitor and the coffin containing human skulls. Londa Area yore hill region Patabang This flower is a defense point of attack Toraja nobleman Bone kingdom, so as to anticipate the attack was built a fortress on a ridge known as Fort Tarangenge.
2) Baby graves
These babies are called Passiliran grave, cemetery location for this Infant Kambira. Only infants who died before their teeth grow buried in a hole in a tree Tarra '. The bayai baby is still considered sacred. Tarra tree selection 'as a cemetery because this tree has a lot of sap, which is considered as a substitute for mother's milk. And they consider the baby as if it were returned to their mother's womb. And hope, return the baby to its mother's womb to save babies born later.That glimpse of Toraja. Thank you for your visit !!
good afternoon = salama 'tangallo
goodnight = salama 'mabongi
Good afternoon = salama 'makaren
thanks = kurre sumanga
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBzGLPHcogk
( Pa Gellu' )
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